Cork oak and stone oak are dominating much of the interior of Spain and Portugal, apart from regions cultivated with olive and almond trees.
To me, the two look the same though, but the the cork version is stripped of itīs bark at some years interval, as seen on the adjacent picture.
Natural cork by the way, is building a better fire safe wall than any man-made material, and is hence having several uses apart from corking our wine bottles.
These trees made up the bulk of  the original forests on the Iberian peninsular, and they are perfectly capable of withstanding forest fires, which is not the case with e.g. the pine trees.
It is said, that prior to the days of Columbus, the oak trees were in such abundance and made up so dense forests, that a squirrel could travel accross the peninsular without ever having to touch the ground. The enormous amount of trees needed to build ships durin the era after the "discovery" of America, and later for the building of the Spanish armada, virtually deforested Spain.  The oak forests of Portugal did of course suffer much of the same fate.
What came later in Spain (and also Portugal), was general Francoīs   idea of reforestation with fast growing eucalyptus trees from the inner Mediterian region. 
These trees are like the oak trees, ever greens, but have a  growth rate and a water consumption several times of that of a cork or stone oak. This resulting in a massive lowering ov the ground water level where they were planted, thereby causing a disaster for the farmers and the delicate Spanish flora in  areas with limited percipitation. The planting of eucalyptus trees has primarely  been abandoned in Spain, but is still widely done in Portugal.
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